How the Rajya Sabha works
A house that is never dissolved, elected by state legislators, with equal say on most laws — but not on money.
The upper house of India’s Parliament, the Council of States. Most members are elected by the state and union-territory legislatures for six-year terms, a third retiring every two years; up to 12 are nominated by the President. Its maximum strength is 250.
A house that is never dissolved, elected by state legislators, with equal say on most laws — but not on money.
Three readings in each house, a committee if needed, the President’s assent — and the special routes for money bills, ordinances and amendments to the Constitution.
What the Constitution calls the “annual financial statement”, how Parliament approves the spending, and the words — fiscal deficit, guillotine, vote on account — that come with it.
Not by the public, but by an electoral college of MPs and MLAs whose votes are weighted by population — and with ranked preferences rather than a single cross.